Recall: Packet Switching and Circuit Switching Suppose an IP packet is sent from Mumbai, India to Kansas City, Kansas using Packet switching Packet switching is flexible and data path is not fixed.
2021-03-11
TL;DR Switching Network Characteristics Suitable for Use Cases Circuit Switching A dedicated channel or circuit is established for the duration of communications Communications which require data to be transmitted in real time Traditional telephone calls Packet Switching Connected through many routers, each serving different segment of network More flexible and more efficient if some amount of delay is acceptable Handles digital data Circuit Switching A dedicated channel or circuit is established for the duration of communications.
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Layer Nr Layer Name 7 Application 6 Presentation 5 Session 4 Transport 3 Network 2 Data Link 1 Physical Mnemonic How does Data Flows the OSI Model Layers? Client makes request to server
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SDN summary Basics and Architecture High Level View on Traditional IP Networks Abstract view on an IP router Control plane Exchange of routing messages for calculation of routes … Additional tasks, such as load balancing, access control, … Data plane: Forwarding of packets at layer 3 Every router has control and data plane functions
2021-03-11
Summary of Label Switching Motivation Issues related to IP based routing Lookup is rather complex Longest matching prefix $\rightarrow$ high performance forwarding needed Shortest path routing selects shortest path to destination
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Summary Baiscs Internet: network of networks High-level View on an IP Router Control Plane Routing protocols Exchange of routing messages for calculation of routes Data Plane Lookup Forwarding of packets at layer 3
2021-03-04
2021-03-01
Schematic view and generic architecture of router Basic Functionalities Intermediate Systems Forward data from input port(s) to output port(s) Forwarding is a task of the data path May operate on different layers
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Router Acronym Full Name ISP Internet Service Provider IXP Internet Exchange Point FIB Forwarding Information Base CAM Content-Addressable Memory Internet Routing Acronym Full Name AS Autonomous Systems IGP Interior Gateway Protocol EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol ASN Autonomous Systems Number CDN Content Delivery Network OSBF Open Shortest Path First LSA Link State Advertisement ABR Area Border Router BGP Border Gateway Protocol RIB Routing Information Base Label Switching Acronym Full Name MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching LSR Label-switching router LER Label edge router FEC Forwarding equivalency class RSVP Resource ReserVation Protocol **VPN ** Virtual Private Networks Software Defined Network (SDN) Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Acronym Full Name NAT Network Address Translation NFVI Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure VNF Virtualized Network Functions MANO Management and Orchestration SFC Service Function Chaining Congestion Control Acronym Full Name RTT Round Trip Time EWMA Exponential Weighted Moving Average RTO Retransmission TimeOut AIMD Additively Increase Multiplicatively Decrease AQM Active Queue Management ECN Explicit Congestion Notification RED Random Early Detection Ethernet Acronym Full Name CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access CD Collision Detection CA Collision Avoidance IFS Inter Frame Space BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Units STP Spanning Tree Protocol RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) Data Center Acronym Full Name PFC Priority-based Flow Control PCP Priority Code Point ETS Enhanced Transmission Selection PG Priority Groups QCN Quantized Congestion Notification SPB Shortest Path Bridging TRILL Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links IS-IS Intermediate-System-to-Intermediate-System DCTCP Data Center TCP ECN Explicit Congestion Notification TCP Evolution Acronym Full Name TLV Type-Length-Value TFO TCP Fast Open Accees Networks Acronym Full Name ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network NT Network Termination DSL Digital Subscriber Line ADSL Asymmetric DSL SDSL Symmetric DSL BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server
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